The emerge cannot find name of package in --exclude usage

[abdu]

The emerge cannot find name of package in --exclude usage

In attempt to prevent the installation of  emerge failed

# emerge -auDN @world --exclude 'dev-python/setuptools-53.0.0'
...
emerge: error: Invalid Atom(s) in --exclude parameter: 'dev-python/setuptools-53.0.0' (only package names and slot atoms (with wildcards) allowed)

Nor on:

# emerge -auDN @world --exclude 'dev-qt/qtcore-5.15.2::qt-kit'
...
emerge: error: Invalid Atom(s) in --exclude parameter: 'dev-qt/qtcore-5.15.2::qt-kit' (only package names and slot atoms (with wildcards) allowed)

Where is the mistake, please show the correct way.

Edited February 18 by abdu

[cardinal]

If you designate a version number after the package name you have to start with =

=category/package-version

funtoo /home/rj # emerge -pv =dev-python/setuptools-53.0.0

These are the packages that would be merged, in order:

Calculating dependencies... done!
[ebuild   R    ] dev-python/setuptools-53.0.0::python-modules-kit  USE="-test" PYTHON_TARGETS="python2_7 python3_7 -pypy3 -python3_8 -python3_9" 0 KiB

Total: 1 package (1 reinstall), Size of downloads: 0 KiB

If you don't designate the version number and there are multiple versions the greatest unmasked version is built. 

category/package

There is only one dev-python/setuptools , there is no reason to designate the version

funtoo /home/rj # ego query v setuptools
 dev-python/setuptools| slot|                           repo
----------------------+-----+-------------------------------
              * 53.0.0|    0| python-modules-kit/1.4-release
funtoo /home/rj # emerge -pv dev-python/setuptools

These are the packages that would be merged, in order:

Calculating dependencies... done!
[ebuild   R    ] dev-python/setuptools-53.0.0::python-modules-kit  USE="-test" PYTHON_TARGETS="python2_7 python3_7 -pypy3 -python3_8 -python3_9" 0 KiB

Total: 1 package (1 reinstall), Size of downloads: 0 KiB

 

[abdu]

15 hours ago, cardinal said:

If you designate a version number after the package name you have to start with =

=category/package-version

funtoo /home/rj # emerge -pv =dev-python/setuptools-53.0.0

These are the packages that would be merged, in order:

Calculating dependencies... done!
[ebuild   R    ] dev-python/setuptools-53.0.0::python-modules-kit  USE="-test" PYTHON_TARGETS="python2_7 python3_7 -pypy3 -python3_8 -python3_9" 0 KiB

Total: 1 package (1 reinstall), Size of downloads: 0 KiB

If you don't designate the version number and there are multiple versions the greatest unmasked version is built. 

category/package

The same error as trying to exclude dev-qt
 

 # emerge -auDN @world --exclude '=dev-qt/qtcore-5.15.2'

...

emerge: error: Invalid Atom(s) in --exclude parameter: '=dev-qt/qtcore-5.15.2'

 

[cardinal]

Exclude doesn't allow = or - in package name.

category/ is optional

emerge -avuDN @world --exclude qtcore
emerge -avuDN @world --exclude dev-qt/qtcore
emerge -avuDN @world --exclude qtcore:5.15.2
emerge -avuDN @world --exclude dev-qt/qtcore:5.15.2
emerge -avuDN @world --exclude qtcore:*
emerge -avuDN @world --exclude dev-qt/qtcore:*